The Supreme Court of India has granted permission to use green firecrackers in Delhi-NCR during Diwali celebrations, under certain restrictions. The order allows the sale of these eco-friendly crackers from October 15 to October 21, but only at designated locations approved by district collectors and commissioners in consultation with the police.
Delhi-NCR and the Pollution Challenge
Delhi-NCR, which includes areas such as Noida, Ghaziabad, Gurugram, and Faridabad, faces severe air pollution every winter. With Diwali approaching, many residents are concerned about the smoke and pollutants caused by traditional firecrackers. While some believe that Diwali celebrations are incomplete without fireworks, others emphasize the need to protect the environment and public health.
What Are Green Firecrackers?
Green firecrackers are an innovation developed by the National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), a part of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR). These crackers look, sound, and function like traditional ones but release 40–50% fewer harmful gases.
According to Dr. Sadhana Rayalu, Chief Scientist at NEERI, the goal behind developing these firecrackers was to reduce the emission of nitrogen and sulfur gases, which are the main pollutants from conventional fireworks.
How Do Green Firecrackers Work?
Unlike traditional firecrackers, green firecrackers are made using specially formulated chemicals that produce less smoke and fewer toxic gases. Some variants even generate water vapors that help dissolve pollutants.
Types of Green Firecrackers Developed by NEERI
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Safe Water Releaser (SWR)
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These firecrackers release tiny water particles when they burn.
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The water particles help absorb sulfur and nitrogen compounds, thereby reducing pollution levels.
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Safe Thermite Cracker (STAR)
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Also known as “Star Crackers,” these use special oxidizing agents that produce lower levels of sulfur and nitrogen gases after ignition.
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Safe Minimal Aluminum (SAFAL)
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These crackers contain 50–60% less aluminum compared to regular firecrackers.
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The reduced aluminum content helps minimize metallic emissions and air pollution.
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Aroma Crackers
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Apart from emitting less smoke, these crackers release pleasant fragrances, making them both eco-friendly and user-friendly.
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Do Green Firecrackers Eliminate Pollution Completely?
No. While green firecrackers significantly reduce emissions, they do not completely eliminate pollution. However, they are a step towards celebrating Diwali responsibly by minimizing environmental damage and promoting cleaner air.
