Bangladesh will hold its general election on February 12, 2026. This vote comes after a historic political shift. Former Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina and her party, the Awami League, no longer hold power. For the first time in decades, the party will not contest a national election.
The upcoming election marks a turning point for Bangladesh. It ends a long era of Awami League dominance. It also opens the door to a new political chapter.
How the Awami League Began
The Awami League was formed in 1949 in Dhaka. At that time, Bangladesh was known as East Pakistan. The party fought for democracy, cultural identity, and equal rights for Bengalis.
Under Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, the party became a mass movement. In the 1970 general election, the Awami League won a clear majority. However, West Pakistan refused to transfer power.
This decision led to unrest and violence. In 1971, Bangladesh fought a liberation war. The country gained independence later that year. Sheikh Mujibur Rahman became the nation’s first leader.
Assassination and Years Out of Power
In 1975, a military coup changed the country’s path. Sheikh Mujibur Rahman and most of his family were assassinated. The Awami League lost control of the government.
Military rulers governed Bangladesh for many years. During this period, the party faced repression. Its leaders struggled to stay politically active.
Sheikh Hasina’s Comeback
981, Sheikh Hasina returned to Bangladesh from exile. She took charge of the Awami League. Step by step, she rebuilt the party.
The Awami League played a major role in ending military rule in 1990. In 1996, Sheikh Hasina became Prime Minister for the first time.
After losing power in 2001, the party made a strong return. In 2009, Hasina came back as Prime Minister. She then stayed in power for nearly 15 years.
Economic Growth and Strong Control
During Hasina’s rule, Bangladesh saw economic growth. The government built roads, bridges, and power plants. Projects like the Padma Bridge became national symbols.
Poverty levels fell, and electricity reached more homes. Supporters praised her leadership and stability.
However, critics raised serious concerns. They accused the government of limiting free speech. Opposition leaders faced arrests. Journalists reported pressure and legal threats.
Protests and Fall from Power
In 2024, public anger grew across the country. Student protests began over job quotas and rising costs. Soon, wider groups joined the movement.
Security forces cracked down on protests. Hundreds of people reportedly died. The unrest spread nationwide.
Under growing pressure, Sheikh Hasina resigned and left the country. An interim government took charge.
Ban on Awami League
In 2025, authorities banned the Awami League. The Election Commission cancelled its registration. The government cited national security concerns.
Sheikh Hasina now lives outside Bangladesh. Her party will not take part in the 2026 election.
What Lies Ahead
The Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) and other groups will lead the contest in 2026. Voters will choose a new direction after years of one-party dominance.
Many observers see this election as a chance to restore political balance. Others warn that stability remains fragile.
One thing is clear. The 2026 election will reshape Bangladesh’s political future.
